Women’s Film Careers in Interwar EuropeComing into Focus

Addresses working conditions for women in the Belgian, Czechoslovakian, French, German, Italian and Norwegian interwar film industries 

• Interprets recently rediscovered films and archival materials pertaining to women film directors of the interwar period (Ella Bergmann-Michel, Solange Bussi, Aud Egede-Nissen, Edith Kiel, Vilma Kiss, Zet Molas)
• Interprets archival materials pertaining to women’s film work under Italian Fascism
• Illustrates Bauhaus women’s significant contribution to film
  Evaluates a large body of French press releases and articles on women in the interwar film industry
• Documents the work of female film critics in interwar France
• Provides an innovative rereading of Colette’s feminism in connection to her work with women film directors

The years between the First and the Second World War were tumultuous ones in European cinema. Filmmakers in Western Europe faced not only aesthetic and technological transformations but also economic and political cataclysms that were pronounced by the late 1920s, intensifying in the 1930s. This era of challenges had a profound effect on pioneering women filmmakers, not only well-known directors like Germaine Dulac, Leni Riefenstahl, Elvira Notari and Adrienne Solser, but also on the many female film directors who have been forgotten, who never came to the fore or who were pushed into other areas of film production.

The present essays shed light on this understudied albeit important area, illustrating the impact technological transformation and rising fascism had on these women working in the European film industries.

Concurrently, this book also illustrates the mentoring and networking strategies these women developed to help each other succeed in the industry and to strengthen women’s autonomy on and off screen.