Bosnian Hajj LiteratureMultiple Paths to the Holy

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About this book

Shortlisted for the 2024 Muslim World Book Award

Explores changing attitudes to the holy through a study of five centuries of Bosnian Hajj literature

  • Discusses Hajj literature from Bosnia written between the 16th and 21st centuries in Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Bosnian
  • Engages with a variety of classical and modern genres including narrative accounts, travelogues, journalistic reportages, diaries, letters and postcards, religious treatises, essays, poems and plays
  • Stands at the intersection of Islamic studies, religious studies and broader area studies
  • Recentres the study of Islam on practices and writings, and on the Balkan experiences, which are often seen as 'peripheral' within the Muslim world


This is the first critical and theoretically grounded book-length study of Hajj literature (written texts about the experience of the Hajj) and Hajj practices of Bosnian Muslims. It redefines the ways pilgrimage can be understood and offers new methods for investigating the meaning and importance of Hajj for generations of premodern and modern believers. It also throws light on Balkan communities previously ignored by modern scholarship in Islamic, religious, and area studies. Breaking with the predominant academic trends of focusing on nationalism and ethnic conflict in the region, it instead puts the spotlight on the richness of texts, and visual and archival material, and focuses on genres that challenge the established literary canons.

Reviews

Theoretically astute, written with analytical dexterity, and dazzling in its use of a wide range of archival materials, Karić gives us extraordinary insights into the world of hajj as practiced, experienced, and shared by generations of Bosnian Muslims. This is a truly original book that will become a classic for the years to come.

This is a brilliant and deeply erudite book about the enduring meanings of pilgrimage, ritual, and popular piety in Islam. Here Karić guides the reader through the stories told by Bosnian hajjis over five centuries, following their writings from the Ottoman era through the tumultuous upheavals and wars of the twentieth century. Historians will be particularly grateful for the book’s analysis of the geographical, textual, cultural, and even sensorial connections that made up the experiences of hajjis traveling from the edge of Europe toward Mecca and Medina. But more broadly, scholars of religion will encounter a thought-provoking argument that also challenges us not to reduce religious experiences to a set of historically changing material and political circumstances. Instead, it invites us to take the hajjis’ stories seriously as a part of enduring religious journeys striving for a transcendent experience that recasts the categories of the past, present, and future.

Bosnian Hajj Literature constitutes a major addition to the fields of Islamic Studies, scholarship on the Balkans and academic studies of pilgrimage. It is a thoughtful, expert, well-written volume and should be read widely across these fields.
Bosnian Hajj Literature offers a rich and layered account of an important aspect of Bosnian Islam. Beyond Bosnia, the book provides an excellent example of the study of the deep history of contemporary Islamic religiosity and devotional sensibilities. The conceptual richness of Karić’s monograph and the author’s mastery of the historical sources and the disciplines that are consulted makes the reading of the book an inspiring and rewarding experience.
Table of contents

List of Figures

Acknowledgements

Note on Translieration

Introduction: Writing about the Hajj through the Centuries

Layers of Mediation

The Bosnian Hajj through Centuries

The In-betweenness of the Bosnian Hajj

The Manāzil of the Book

1 The Meanings of the Sacred

Bosnian Scholars in the Ottoman Empire

The Universal Values of the Holy Places

The Eternal Protectors of the Holy Places

Mediating the Worlds through the Black Stone

The City and the Prophet

Loving the Prophet

Living and Dying in Medina

Conclusion

2 The Roads to Mecca

The Habitus of Hajj

Setting Off on the Voyage

On the Journey

Pious Visitations

Places of Highest Importance

Places and Senses

Conclusion

3 Change

Interwar Debates on the Hajj

Transforming the Hajj

Hajj on the Marketplace of News

Hajj as a Modern Curiosity

The Hajj between the Local and the Global

The Significance of the Pilgrimage

Conclusion

4 Dis/Connections

Promoting Yugoslavia: Postwar Hajj Delegations

Mecca in the Postwar Imaginary

No Angels in the Desert: Zuko Džumhur in the Hijaz

Against Empty Form: 'I Do Not Kneel to You, Nor Do I Worship Thee'

Modernist Disconnections: Objections to Sufism

Kissing the Prophet’s Tomb with One’s Heart

Conclusion

5 Bosniaks between Homeland and Holy Land

Bosniaks on the Hajj with Their President

Maimed Bodies on the Hajj

Places Without God's House

Rites and Close Encounters

Traversing the Distance – The Hajj and the Self

Conclusion

Conclusion: The Persistence of Devotion

Writing about the Hajj

The Hajj and the World

Possibilities of Mediation

Bibliography

Manuscripts

Printed Books and Articles

Index

About the author

Dženita Karić

Dženita Karić is a senior researcher at the Berlin Institute for Islamic Theology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin. She has published articles in the British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Archiv Orientalni, Prilozi za orijentalnu filologiju, The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Women, Christian-Muslim Relations: A Bibliographical History (Brill), and Cultural History (forthcoming). She has also contributed to the edited volumes Muslim Women’s Pilgrimage to Mecca and Beyond: Reconfiguring Gender, Religion, and Mobility (ed. Marjo Buitelaar, Manja Stephan-Emmrich, Viola Thimm, Routledge 2020) and Muslim Pilgrimage in Europe (ed. Ingvild Flaskerud and Richard J. Natvig, Routledge 2016).